Asparagus production, distribution, consumption and export trends in Mexico

   21 Apr 2022, Thursday      129       Education
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Asparagus production, distribution, consumption and export trends in Mexico

For this reason, US processors and exporters are heavily involved in production and distribution, and their knowledge is utilized to export to Japan and the EU. In recent years, it has begun to respond to the increase in organic demand, and its production is expected to continue expanding


1. First of all

?Mexico's asparagus production was started by a Supplier Information Exchange Mexico major US vegetable canning company in the late 1950s. Today, asparagus is produced mainly in the four states of northern and central Mexico, and production and acreage continue to grow. Mexico's asparagus production is centred around exports to the US off-season, especially since the US market is a major export destination. Below, we will introduce the production, distribution, consumption and export trends of asparagus in the country. The exchange rate used in this paper is 113 yen per US dollar (TTS rate as of the end of September (Note 1) ).


2 Production status

(1) Production area

?Mexico's asparagus production began with the aim of supplying it to the US market. It is said that asparagus was also brought in at the same time that canned vegetable companies such as Del Monte, Heinz, and Campbell in the United States began growing vegetables such as carrots in Mexico in the late 1950s.

?The main sources of asparagus are Sonora, Baja California and Baja California Sur in the northwest and Guanajuato in the middle. These four states occupy 92% of the domestic asparagus acreage and are the largest producer in Sonora, which borders the United States. Cultivation is particularly active in the region surrounding the Great Desert of Altar, and in 2020 the acreage was about 19,000 hectares, which is 51% of the total area of ??Mexico. The sandy soil in northwestern Mexico is suitable for asparagus cultivation, it is not easily damaged by pests due to its dry climate, and the temperature in the area is also suitable for growing asparagus, which is sensitive to temperature changes.


(2) Crop area

?The acreage of asparagus in the country has been increasing and has increased by 130% in the last 10 years. Looking at the rate of increase in the four major states during this period, Sonora increased by 99.9%, Baja California Sur increased by 342.3%, Baja California increased by 83.4%, and Guanajuato increased by 53.1%. It has become. In addition, although not the four major states, Queretaro, which is located in the central part of the country, increased about 12 times and expanded rapidly. As of 2020, the acreage of asparagus in Mexico is about 37,000 hectares, and the cultivation area has expanded from 5 states as of 2011 to 25 states in 2020, during which the acreage is about 37,000 hectares. It is magnified 2.3 times.


In northwestern Mexico, where Sonora, Baja California Sur, and Baja California are located, traditionally produced wheat and corn agricultural techniques are inadequate, resulting in costly production and profitability. It is a difficult situation. For this reason, the government has promoted the conversion to highly profitable blueberries, avocados, lemons, walnuts, asparagus, etc., which is directly linked to exports, and the Bank of Mexico and the Mexican Agricultural Trust Fund (FIRA) have cooperated to provide financial support. ing. According to FIRA, the production value of asparagus per hectare is equivalent to 25.5 hectares of corn.

The acreage is also increasing in Michoacan, Sinaloa, Coahuila, Durango, etc., which have newly started producing asparagus in the last 10 years. The background to the expansion of new entrants is related to the financial support of the countries mentioned above.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (SADER) of Meico, the city of San Luis Rio Colorado in Sonora, which is the main producer of asparagus, will be allowed Do My Homework to grow asparagus on 2226 hectares of farmland in 2020. In the spring of 2021sowingHasshuIf, this is done, the first harvest is expected in the winter three years later.

?On the other hand, there are also major challenges in asparagus production. Looking at the harvested area, there are large differences depending on the region, and at the national level, the area that was not harvested in 2020 was 4947 hectares, which is 13.4% of the planted area.

Next, looking at the yield rates, Sonora and Guanajuato show stable high yields, followed by Baja California in 2018 and Queretaro in 2019 and 2020, respectively. On the other hand, Baja California Sur has been on a downward trend since 2018. In Sinaloa, although the acreage has expanded, the yield rate is quite low. One of the factors is climatic conditions, but according to the Mexican government, asparagus cultivation know-how differs depending on the production area, so it is often not linked to harvesting in areas with short production history. In Sonora and Guanajuato, the harvest rate tends to be high because cultivation know-how has already been accumulated.

 

(3) Production volume

Asparagus production volume in 2020 will reach about 300,000 tons, which has increased about 3.5 times in the last 10 years. This is larger than the rate of increase in the harvested area during the same period, and it can be seen that the improvement in yield contributes to the increase in production. Sonora has the highest production, accounting for 65% of the total. This is followed by Guanajuato and Baja California Sur, which account for 13% and 9%, respectively.?Looking at the ratio of asparagus production to agricultural production in each state, it is 13.6% in Sonora, which is the third major crop after grapes and wheat. In Baja California Sur, it was 22.2%, making it the second major crop after tomatoes. On the other hand, neither Guanajuato nor Baja California is in the top five.

In recent years, in response to the growing demand for organic products in the United States, which is a major export destination, organic asparagus production has begun, and the number is gradually increasing.


(4) Unit yield

The unit yield of asparagus in Mexico has increased by 62% in the last 10 years, which is a major factor in the increase in production. Looking at the yields of the four major producing states in 2020, Sonora and Guanajuato had high yields of 10.6 tons and 9.2 tons per hectare, respectively, in Baja California Sur and Baja California. In California, it is slightly lower at 7.8 tons and 7.7 tons, respectively.

Mexico's average yield is not very high globally. Looking at Peru, one of the world's major asparagus producing countries, the unit yield per hectare is as large as 14 tons (2017), and in the country, the maximum unit yield of asparagus is 18 tons. It is said that it can be done. Therefore, it can be said that there is room for improvement in asparagus production in Mexico in terms of yield.

One of the reasons for the low yield is the problem of cultivation know-how. In the future, it is expected that the yield will be improved if the introduction of excellent seeds and proper care work is expanded.

Efforts to encourage higher yields have been privately-led so far, and in the past, the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico has invested research funding, but now it is. No government funding has been seen.

 

(5) Varieties and cultivation calendar

The main varieties cultivated in Mexico are the same as the varieties cultivated in California, USA (UC157, Atlas, Brock, etc.). Young asparagus stems are classified into purple, purple/green, and green depending on the colour. Only green asparagus is cultivated in Mexico, and there are the following types.

Constanza: Green, thin young stem of about 20 cm

Bassano: Thick green stem with purple leaves and tips and soft

Close de Connover: American hybrid variety, thick, slightly whitish-coloured stem

Asparagus production in the United States The harvest season in northern regions such as Sonora and Baja California peaks from January to April and may extend to May depending on the climatic conditions, taking into account exports and regional climatic conditions towards the off-season. .. On the other hand, the harvest season in Guanajuato, which is located in central Mexico, is from May to September. In recent years, there has been a movement to expand the cultivation area to the south in Sonora, and the harvest start time has been advanced to October

it shows the monthly production of fresh asparagus in Mexico. Although it is possible to produce throughout the year in Mexico, the production from January to April accounts for 63% of the annual production.  buy assignments The country's asparagus production is primarily aimed at supplying to the US market and is being adjusted to be available year-round in line with Peru's off-season when exports to the United States and to the United States are high.

James smith

Professional Writer with 4 years experiences.


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